Night terrors, also known as sleep terrors, are episodes of screaming, crying or panic during sleep, usually occurring during deep non-REM sleep. Night terrors typically happen in children between the ages of 3 and 12 years old. They can be scary if you’ve not encountered this before as a parent or foster carer, but we have some advice to smooth things over for you.
What Causes Night Terrors in Children?
There are several reasons why a child might suffer from night terrors.
- Genetics – Night terrors tend to run in families. There may be a genetic predisposition, so if you are fostering with Fostering People, check with your social worker if this is something they are aware of.
- Sleep cycles – Night terrors occur during deep sleep. Some children may be predisposed to arousal disorders during deep sleep stages.
- Stress – Anxiety, emotional conflicts, fever or lack of sleep can trigger night terrors.
- Medications – Medicines that affect the nervous system, like antihistamines, SSRI antidepressants or stimulants have been linked to night terrors.
- Sleep apnea – Children with sleep apnea may be more prone to having night terrors.
- Fever – Illness and fever can trigger night terrors in children.
- Change in sleep schedule – Changes to your child’s regular sleep routine can disrupt sleep cycles and lead to night terrors.
Managing and Preventing Night Terrors
With a bit of effort, it is possible to manage and prevent night terrors, so they don’t disrupt everyone’s sleep.
- Maintain a regular sleep schedule – Ensure your child goes to bed and wakes up at consistent times, even on weekends. Regular sleep routines can help minimise night terrors. They’re also good for children of all ages, even when they don’t suffer from night terrors.
- Adjust naps – Some children are more prone to night terrors if they nap too much or too close to bedtime. Adjust daytime naps appropriately.
- Manage stress – Try to avoid stressful situations or changes to your child’s routine that could trigger night terrors. Manage emotional stress with play therapy if needed.
- Check your child’s bedroom – Make sure your child’s bedroom is a calm environment before bedtime. Remove any stimulating toys or bright lights. Use a night light if it comforts your child.
- Reassure your child – Comfort your child after a night terror episode. Stay with them until they fall back asleep. Reassure them that night terrors are not real and they are safe.
- Discuss triggers with your doctor – Talk to your paediatrician if you notice any triggers or patterns to the night terrors. They can check for underlying issues like sleep apnea.
- Use rewards – For older children, reward a peaceful night’s sleep with stickers or treats in the morning.
- Medication – In severe cases unresolved by behavioural measures, prescription medication may be used temporarily under medical guidance.
- Create a calming bedtime routine – A warm bath, reading a story, deep breathing and other relaxing activities before bed can help transition your child into a deep, peaceful sleep.
- Avoid caffeine – Don’t give your child caffeinated drinks like soda or tea before bedtime. Caffeine can interfere with sleep quality.
Be Patient and Reassuring
Night terrors can be alarming for parents, but are usually harmless. Implementing good sleep habits, managing stress, reassuring your child and consulting your GP can help reduce these disruptive nightly episodes.
Stay patient, consistent and supportive, and your child’s night terrors should eventually resolve over time.